Leaves of Celtis australis L., near Navajas (Castellón, Spain) © E. Laguna, 2007Celtis australis –the European Hackberry- was choosen as one of the 8 species representative of the Mediterranean bassin eco-region, in order to develop the project FILMED. The election was made after the evidence of its distribution area, extended by all the areas with typical Mediterranean climate, mainly by the Western and Northern sides of the Mediterranean bassin.
Riverine forests of Celtis australis L. near Navajas (Castellón, Spain) © E. Laguna, 2007However, after consultation with several expertises from other Mediterranean countries, we noticed that C. australis could be an archaeophyte introduced in Central and Western Mediterranean from the Himalayan mountains and the Irano-Turanian area in ancient times, in order to obtain their benefits (wood, fruits). C. australis is still used around the Mediteranean sea as the main provider of wood and branches to make agricultural tools. The hypothesis of a primitive introduction from Eastern territories can be tested by the FILMED protocoles, if seeds or plant material from the possible origin areas is received.
6 comments:
the paleobotanical way in
(Renault-Miskowski et al. 1984, Garcia-Antón et al. 1990)
seeds in Sapin in Atapuerca, Burgos in the place of the most ancient european.
(Rodriguez-Cruz, 2005, Burjachs, 2006).
Natural woods from Turkey (Andirin) (Boydak 1988) until iberian Peninsula (Blanco et al. 1998) l Barranco de Túnez (Granada) Alpuente (València), always in small woods .
sincerely
Antoni Martinez
University of Balearic Islands
Apreciado Emilio, te adjunto un parrafo de un articulo que tengo en prensa sobre etnoecologia. Antes ne me habia fijado con el autor y para ir rapido he escrito un comentario telegrafico en ingles o .....algo parecido.
Te adjunto el parrafo completo y si quieres te adjunto las referencias enteras
Els lledoners ( Celtis australis) sempre s’han considerats com a introduïts per l’home durant la prehistòria recent, però el cert és que es pot seguir el seu rastre paleobotànic al llarg del quaternari (Renault-Miskowski et al. 1984, Garcia-Antón et al. 1990) i, a més, s’ha trobat una llavor d’aquest arbre a la Cueva del Mirador (Atapuerca, Burgos), fet que indica que no és un arbre transportat per fenicis o romans, sinó que ja existia (Rodriguez-Cruz, 2005, Burjachs, 2006). Amb tot això hem d’entendre que aquest arbre no forma boscos grans, més aviat, amb la seva dispersió ornitòcora, tendeix a estar molt dispers i els bosques naturals que trobem, des de Turquia (Andirin) (Boydak 1988) fins a la Península Ibèrica, tan en la part més occidental, a Arribes del Duero (Blanco et al. 1998) o al Barranco de Túnez (Granada) com en la part oriental, a Alpuente (València), sempre es presenta en petits bosquets, normalment dins barrancs, sota penyals visitats per aucells, sobre derrubis calcaris amb pedres i terra, un hàbitat natural que es reprodueix parcialment a les parets seques i als sediments urbans d’enderrocs i terra. En alguns barrancs naturals de l’Illa de Mallorca podem trobar lledoners que, amb tota seguretat, no els ha sembrat cap humà, els han dispersat els aucells i molt probablement ja ho feien abans de l’arribada dels humans a les Illes.
Cordialment
Antoni Martínez Taberner
Many thanks for your very useful comments. I unfortunately red them very late due that I was ill for a long period (including the whole year 2008¡). I trebsfer then to the remainder memebrs of FILMED project.
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